The Haverhill Social Democrat (Massachusetts). Vol. 2 No. 46. August 17, 1901.

The Haverhill Social Democrat (Haverhill, Massachusetts) was established in October 1899 and an important vehicle for the formation of the Socialist Party of America despite its short run. Published by the Social Democratic Publishing Association as the voice of the burgeoning Springfield Social Democratic Party, it was one of the two main forces, along with Debs’ Chicago-based Socialist Democratic Party, to found the Socialist Party of America in 1901. It was then renamed as The Clarion and lasted until the end of the year. Editors included William A Kennedy, William Edlin, and William Mailly.

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